•	In 2017, more than five billion items shipped with Prime worldwide.

•	More new paid members joined Prime in 2017 than any previous year — both worldwide and in the U.S.

•	Fire TV Stick and Echo Dot were the best-selling products in 2017 across all of Amazon. Customers purchased tens of millions of Echo devices last year.

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The Alexa Skills store now offers more than 30,000 skills, including new developer tools for Alexa Gadgets and gaming experiences, such as Activision’s new Ghost skill for console game Destiny 2. Other new categories of skills include daily beauty podcasts from Hearst, All-Star game voting from the NBA, and more. Customers can also now use Alexa to control more than 4,000 smart home devices from 1,200 unique brands.

•	Amazon launched new ways for developers to earn money building for Alexa, including paid skill content through in-skill purchasing, premium subscription content, and a more frictionless checkout experience with Amazon Pay. New skills offering premium paid content include The Ellen DeGeneres Show’s popular Heads Up! game, The Match Game, and the History Channel’s Ultimate History Quiz.

•	Alexa Voice Service (AVS) adoption among device makers continues to grow. Brands announced new AVS products at the 2018 Consumer Electronics Show, including: new integrations for Alexa on PCs from HP, Acer, ASUS, and Lenovo; a new automotive integration with Toyota; and new devices from Polk Audio, Anker, Jabra, and more.

•	Amazon also introduced new tools and developer kits, including the Alexa Mobile Accessory Kit and Alexa Premium Far-Field Voice Development Kit, to make it easier for developers to bring Alexa to more devices.

•	Amazon hired nearly 130,000 employees globally in 2017, excluding acquisitions. Additionally, Amazon now employs more than 17,500 veterans and military spouses across the U.S., and plans to hire over 10,000 more by 2021.

•	Amazon welcomed several new device makers to the Dash Replenishment program to enable their smart appliances to automatically reorder consumables when supply runs low, including 3M, Hewlett-Packard, Kenmore, and Bluestream.

•	Amazon celebrated the 10th anniversary of Kindle by releasing the all-new Kindle Oasis, the most advanced Kindle with a 7-inch, 300 ppi display, waterproof design, and access to the world’s largest library of audiobooks with Audible support. Since the Kindle launch in November 2007, customers have purchased tens of millions of Kindle e-readers.

•	Amazon announced that the Prime Video app is now available on Apple TV in over 100 countries. Prime members now have more ways to stream award-winning and critically-acclaimed titles, including Amazon Original Movies and Prime Originals.

•	Amazon Studios’ Original movie The Big Sick was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay, written by Emily V. Gordon and Kumail Nanjiani.

•	The Amazon Original Series The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel won two Golden Globes for “Best Television Series - Musical or Comedy” and “Best Actress - Musical or Comedy” (Rachel Brosnahan), as well as two Critics Choice awards for “Best Comedy Series” and “Best Actress in a Comedy Series” (Rachel Brosnahan).

•	Amazon Studios debuted the highly-anticipated second season of The Grand Tour. Additionally, Prime members can look forward to new and returning series this year such as Goliath season two, Sneaky Pete season two, The Man in the High Castle season three, Bosch season four, Mozart in the Jungle season four, and new episodes from The Tick, Tom Clancy’s Jack Ryan, and The Romanoffs.

•	NFL Thursday Night Football on Amazon Prime Video saw a total of 18.4 million views in 11 games. Prime members in more than 200 countries and territories streamed games on living room devices, including smart TVs and Fire TVs, as well as the Prime Video mobile app and the web.

•	CBS All Access is now available through Amazon Channels, the over-the-top streaming subscription program for Prime members. CBS is the first Amazon Channels partner to offer a linear feed of a subscriber’s local broadcast station in addition to video on-demand.

•	Amazon acquired the global television rights to The Lord of the Rings, based on the novels by J.R.R. Tolkien, with a multi-season commitment.

•	Amazon Prime Video continues to launch local Original Series, including Breathe in India, as well as Pastewka and Glory is Gone in Germany.

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Amazon introduced all-new Alexa experiences built from the ground up for customers in Japan, India, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Additionally, Amazon expanded Alexa, Echo, and Amazon Music Unlimited to 30 new countries, offering customers access to tens of millions of songs, thousands of hand-curated playlists and stations, and enabling customers who purchase Echo devices the ability to experience Amazon Music Unlimited with natural voice controls powered by Alexa.

•	Amazon launched two furniture brands: Rivet, offering affordable and versatile mid-century modern furniture ideal for smaller spaces; and Stone & Beam, offering durable and stylish furniture for the modern household.

•	Amazon Go, a new kind of store with no checkout required, is now open to the public in Seattle. The checkout-free shopping experience is made possible by the same types of technologies used in self-driving cars: computer vision, machine learning, and sensor fusion.

•	Fulfillment by Amazon (FBA) shipped billions of items for small and medium-sized businesses, selling on Amazon worldwide in 2017.

•	Amazon launched its retail and third-party marketplace offering in Australia with fast delivery on millions of products, including items from thousands of small and medium-sized businesses.

•	Amazon launched Prime in the Netherlands and Luxembourg, and added the ability for customers in Belgium to join Prime and shop in Dutch. These programs offer members access to unlimited free one-day and two-day delivery,

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•	Amazon launched Prime in Singapore, offering members access to unlimited free shipping on millions of local and international items, unlimited access to popular movies and TV shows on Prime Video, and video game benefits with Twitch — all for an introductory price of S$2.99 per month.

•	Prime selection in India now offers members more than 25 million local products from third-party sellers.

•	Amazon.com.br continues to expand its third-party marketplace, including the launch of Consumer Electronics, Home & Kitchen, Tools & Home Improvement, and Office Products. Customers in Brazil now have access to hundreds of thousands of products as well as more than 13 million print and digital books.

•	Amazon celebrated its 10th holiday season of Frustration-Free Packaging — an invention designed to reduce waste and delight customers with easy-to-open, 100% recyclable packaging. As of the end of 2017, Amazon’s sustainable packaging innovations have helped to eliminate nearly 215,000 tons of packaging material and 360 million boxes.

•	Amazon, Berkshire Hathaway, and JPMorgan Chase & Co. announced a partnership to address healthcare for their U.S. employees, with the aim of improving employee satisfaction and reducing costs.

•	In December, Amazon’s “Delivering Smiles” holiday tour stopped in over 30 communities where Amazon employees live and work, donating thousands of items to women, children, and families fighting homelessness. For each mile traveled along the delivery route, Amazon donated $1 to the National Alliance to End Homelessness.

•	Amazon reviewed 238 proposals from across the U.S., Canada, and Mexico to host HQ2, the company’s second headquarters in North America, and selected 20 metropolitan areas to move to the next phase of the process. Amazon expects to invest over $5 billion and create as many as 50,000 high-paying jobs at its new second home.

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Amazon Web Services (AWS) announced several enterprise customers during the quarter: Expedia, Ellucian, and DigitalGlobe are going all-in on AWS; The Walt Disney Company and Turner named AWS their preferred public cloud provider; Symantec will leverage AWS as its strategic infrastructure provider for the vast majority of its cloud workloads; Expedia, Intuit, the National Football League (NFL), Capital One, DigitalGlobe, and Cerner announced they’ve chosen AWS for machine learning and artificial intelligence; and Bristol-Myers Squibb, Honeywell, Experian, FICO, Insitu, LexisNexis, Sysco, Discovery Communications, Dow Jones, and Ubisoft kicked off major new moves to AWS.

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AWS continued to expand its infrastructure in 2017 to best serve customers, launching a new region in France and a second AWS Region in China during the quarter. AWS plans to open 12 more Availability Zones across four regions (Bahrain, Hong Kong, Sweden, and a second GovCloud Region in the U.S.) between now and early 2019. AWS now operates 52 Availability Zones across 18 infrastructure regions globally.

•	AWS continues to accelerate its pace of innovation with the release of 497 significant new services and features in the fourth quarter, bringing the total number of launches in 2017 to 1,430.

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AWS announced Amazon SageMaker, a fully managed service that removes the heavy lifting, complexity, and guesswork from each step of the machine learning process, empowering everyday developers and scientists to use machine learning much more expansively and successfully. Amazon SageMaker makes model building and training easier by providing prebuilt development notebooks, popular machine learning algorithms optimized for petabyte-scale datasets, and automatic model tuning, enabling developers to build, train, and deploy models in a single click. Since its launch two months ago, Amazon SageMaker is already helping thousands of developers to easily get started and become competent in building, training, and deploying models.

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AWS launched EC2 P3 instances which are optimized for machine learning and high performance computing — providing up to six times better performance than any other GPU instances available in the cloud today. P3 instances significantly reduce the time it takes to train machine learning models, providing a substantial boost in agility for developers experimenting and optimizing machine learning applications. The combination of EC2 P3 instances and Amazon SageMaker provide developers and data scientists access to the industry’s most powerful and easy-to-use solution for building machine learning applications.

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AWS introduced four Artificial Intelligence (AI) services that allow developers to build applications that emulate human-like cognition: Amazon Transcribe for converting speech to text; Amazon Translate for translating text between languages; Amazon Comprehend for understanding relationships and finding insights within text; and Amazon Rekognition Video, a deep-learning powered video analysis service that tracks people, detects activities, and recognizes objects, celebrities, and inappropriate content.

•	AWS launched AWS DeepLens, a deep-learning enabled wireless video camera that pairs an HD camera developer kit with a set of sample projects to help developers learn machine learning concepts, including computer vision and deep learning.

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AWS introduced several services and capabilities for connected devices at the edge: AWS IoT 1-Click makes it easy for simple devices to trigger AWS Lambda functions that execute a specific action; AWS IoT Device Management helps to securely onboard, organize, monitor, and remotely manage customers’ IoT devices at scale throughout their lifecycle; AWS IoT Device Defender allows customers to secure their fleet of IoT devices on an ongoing basis; AWS IoT Analytics enables customers to cleanse, process, enrich, store, and analyze IoT device data at scale; Amazon

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•	In its second year of availability, the number of databases migrated to AWS in 2017 using the AWS Database Migration Service is accelerating — growing more than 100% over 2016 to a total of more than 54,000 databases migrated since the introduction of the service.

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AWS launched the Amazon ML Solutions Lab, a program that connects machine learning experts from across Amazon with AWS customers to help identify practical uses of machine learning inside customers’ businesses, and guide them in developing new machine learning-enabled features, products, and processes. The Amazon ML Solutions Lab combines hands-on educational workshops with brainstorming sessions to help customers “work backwards” from business challenges, and understand the step-by-step processes for developing machine learning-based solutions.

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AWS introduced several new database capabilities: Amazon Aurora Serverless is an on-demand auto-scaling configuration for Amazon Aurora that saves customers time and money by automatically adjusting database capacity to match application needs; Amazon DynamoDB with Global Tables is the first fully managed database service that provides true multi-master, multi-region read and writes, offering high-performance and low-latency for globally distributed applications and users; and Amazon Neptune is a fast, reliable, fully managed graph database service that makes it easy for developers to build and run applications that work with highly connected datasets.

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AWS announced two new container capabilities that make it easier to deploy, manage, and scale container workloads on AWS. Amazon Elastic Container Service for Kubernetes (Amazon EKS) brings Kubernetes to AWS as a fully managed service, enabling customers to run Kubernetes applications on AWS without the need to become experts in operating Kubernetes clusters. AWS also introduced AWS Fargate that allows customers to launch and run containers without provisioning or managing servers or clusters.

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AWS launched three new Amazon EC2 instances: the I3 High I/O family introduces a brand new capability with Amazon EC2 Bare Metal instances that enable customers to run workloads directly on AWS hardware, or bring their own hypervisor or virtualization stack; H1 is a new family of Storage Optimized instances designed for applications that require low cost, high disk throughput and high sequential disk I/O access to very large data sets; and M5, the next generation of General Purpose instances, provides higher performance and lower prices for general purpose workloads, delivering even better compute, memory, and networking performance, powered by the latest 2.5 GHz Intel Xeon Platinum 8000 series processors.

•	AWS announced Amazon GuardDuty, a fully managed intelligent threat detection service that helps customers protect their AWS accounts and workloads by continuously monitoring and analyzing account activity for malicious or unauthorized behavior. Amazon GuardDuty applies machine learning to identify anomalies and alert customers.

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AWS introduced the preview of Amazon S3 Select, which lets customers pull out only the data they need from an S3 object instead of retrieving the entire object, dramatically improving the performance and reducing the cost of applications that need to access data in Amazon S3. AWS also announced Amazon Glacier Select, which allows companies in highly regulated industries to easily query cold, archived data in Amazon Glacier, and unlock new business value for archived data.

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AWS launched Amazon Sumerian, a new service that makes it easy for any developer to quickly and easily build virtual reality, augmented reality, and 3D applications to run on mobile devices, head-mounted displays, digital signage, or web browsers. Apps created in Amazon Sumerian will run in any browser that supports WebGL or WebVR graphics rendering, including Daydream, HTC Vive, Oculus Rift, and iOS mobile devices.

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AWS announced AWS Media Services, a family of five integrated broadcast-quality media services that make it easy for video providers of all kinds to create reliable, flexible, and scalable video offerings in the cloud. These five services enable customers to build end-to-end workflows for both live and on-demand video with the professional features, image quality, and reliability needed to deliver premium video experiences to viewers across a multitude of devices. By combining the proven video solutions from AWS Elemental with the security, durability, availability, and scalability of AWS, video providers can focus on innovating and making great content instead of spending time building and maintaining on-premises video infrastructure.

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AWS launched Alexa for Business, a new service that brings Alexa into the workplace to help employees be more productive and organized on both personal and shared Echo devices by simply using their voice. Employees can use Alexa for Business to find an open conference room, make phone calls, check calendars, schedule and start meetings, manage to-do lists, set reminders, and even find information in popular business applications like Salesforce, Concur, or Splunk.

•	At re:Invent, AWS and VMware Inc. announced that VMware Cloud on AWS is expanding availability from the U.S. West (Oregon) region to include the AWS U.S. East (N. Virginia) region. AWS also announced additional VMware capabilities and support for more AWS services, making it even easier for customers to move, run, and protect mission-critical applications at scale.

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•	Net sales are expected to be between $47.75 billion and $50.75 billion, or to grow between 34% and 42% compared with first quarter 2017. This guidance anticipates a favorable impact of approximately $1.2 billion or 330 basis points from foreign exchange rates.

•	Operating income is expected to be between $300 million and $1.0 billion, compared with $1.0 billion in first quarter 2017.

•	This guidance assumes, among other things, that no additional business acquisitions, investments, restructurings, or legal settlements are concluded.

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(1)	As a result of accounting guidance adopted in Q1 2017, we retrospectively adjusted our consolidated statements of cash flows to reclassify excess tax benefits of $336 million for the three-months ended December 31, 2016 and $829 million for the twelve-months ended December 31, 2016 from financing activities to operating activities.

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(1)	As a result of accounting guidance adopted in Q1 2017, we retrospectively adjusted our consolidated statements of cash flows to reclassify excess tax benefits from financing activities to operating activities. The amount of the adjustment was $401 million for TTM Q3 2016 and $829 million for TTM Q4 2016.

(2)	Free cash flow is cash flow from operations reduced by “Purchases of property and equipment, including internal-use software and website development, net of proceeds from property and equipment incentives,” which both are included in cash flow from investing activities.

(3)	Free cash flow less lease principal repayments is free cash flow reduced by “Principal repayments of capital lease obligations,” and “Principal repayments of finance lease obligations,” which are included in cash flow from financing activities.

(4)

Free cash flow less finance lease principal repayments and assets acquired under capital leases is free cash flow reduced by “Principal repayments of finance lease obligations,” which is included in cash flow from financing activities, and property and equipment acquired under capital leases. In this measure, property and equipment acquired under capital leases is reflected as if these assets had been purchased with cash, which is not the case as these assets have been leased.

(5)	Average Total Assets minus Current Liabilities (excluding current portion of Long-Term Debt and current portion of capital lease obligations and finance lease obligations) over five quarter ends.

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(1)

Includes product sales and digital media content where we record revenue gross. We leverage our retail infrastructure to offer a wide selection of consumable and durable goods that includes media products available in both a physical and digital format, such as books, music, videos, games, and software. These product sales include digital products sold on a transactional basis. Digital product subscriptions that provide unlimited viewing or usage rights are included in Subscription services.

(2)	Includes product sales where our customers physically select items in a store.

(3)	Includes commissions, related fulfillment and shipping fees, and other third-party seller services.

(4)	Includes annual and monthly fees associated with Amazon Prime membership, as well as audiobook, e-book, digital video, digital music, and other non-AWS subscription services.

(5)	Includes sales not otherwise included above, such as certain advertising services and our co-branded credit card agreements.

(6)	Excludes the impact of Whole Foods Market.

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References to customers mean customer accounts, which are unique e-mail addresses, established either when a customer places an order or when a customer orders from other sellers on our websites. Customer accounts exclude certain customers, including customers associated with certain of our acquisitions, Amazon Payments customers, AWS customers, and the customers of select companies with whom we have a technology alliance or marketing and promotional relationship. Customers are considered active when they have placed an order during the preceding twelve-month period.

•	References to sellers means seller accounts, which are established when a seller receives an order from a customer account. Sellers are considered active when they have received an order from a customer during the preceding twelve-month period.

•	References to AWS customers mean unique AWS customer accounts, which are unique customer account IDs that are eligible to use AWS services. This includes AWS accounts in the AWS free tier. Multiple users accessing AWS services via one account ID are counted as a single account. Customers are considered active when they have had AWS usage activity during the preceding one-month period.

•	References to units mean physical and digital units sold (net of returns and cancellations) by us and sellers at Amazon domains worldwide as well as Amazon-owned items sold through non-Amazon domains. Units sold are paid units and do not include units associated with AWS, certain acquisitions, rental businesses, or advertising businesses, or Amazon gift cards.